The speedy development of renewable power in Brazil has not been matched by transmission and distribution infrastructure. Connection restrictions for “distributed-” and centralized era websites are main corporations to undertake new methods to proceed growth, studies. pv journal Brasilof Livia Neves.
From pv journal 06/24
Brazil’s grid connection strains provide new alternatives for power storage and hybrid programs and open up new power enterprise fashions. Renewable corporations together with Auren, Statkraft, and Casa dos Ventos are including photo voltaic and batteries to their utility-scale wind energy websites to make use of current electrical energy transmission capability.
Batteries are additionally making inroads into small, distributed era in response to lack of connection to utility-run, low-voltage distribution networks and to energy failures in states together with São Paulo. In addition, companies resembling GreenYellow in France have adopted a “zero-grid” strategy that focuses on era on the level of consumption with out injecting into the grid. GreenYellow has beforehand added greater than 200 MW of remote-generation photo voltaic capability to the grid.
Casa dos Ventos has an awning pv journal Brasil it should start building in 2024 on 300 MW of photo voltaic in Bahia, with 200 MW added to its under-construction 553 MW Babilônia Centro wind website and 100 MW to its operational, 360 MW Babilônia Sul wind farm. In May 2024, the supervisor of photo voltaic improvement engineering Guilherme Castro stated that the photo voltaic crops will share the transmission system reference to the generators, with entry granted in April 2024.
These crops will present power below the “autoprodução,” or self-production mannequin, the place the top person generally is a accomplice within the mission and obtain reductions on some taxes and transmission system expenses. While self-production electrical energy is dearer than the present low wholesale worth, it’s much less renewable and the association makes new renewable websites extra viable at decrease electrical energy costs.
Measurement of hybrid crops
The new hybridized websites at Casa dos Ventos should follow the power supply offers signed for the unique wind crops, elevating the danger of curbing any extra energy generated. “Naturally, if there’s a restrict, restriction can happen so photo voltaic sizing is a delicate level,” in response to engineering supervisor Castro.
Properly dimensioned photo voltaic will help generate wind power, by controlling reactive power utilizing photo voltaic inverters, for instance. “In the case of related crops, if the system operator orders a restriction, it’s simpler to chop the photo voltaic and preserve the wind as a result of the wind generators have mechanical inertia,” stated Castro. That opens up a marketplace for photo voltaic corporations, he added. “One of the [solar] The primary ache within the sector is the problem of accessing the grid. For photo voltaic corporations that do not have wind experience, on the lookout for a wind accomplice who hasn’t been taking a look at it may be a chance. “
Shading from wind generators is much less of an issue than in different nations as a result of Brazil’s land availability, and Castro stated the Casa dos Ventos websites obtain a decrease overload between panel direct present era capability and the alternating-current ranking of their inverters. He cited an “overload ratio” of “between 1:1 and 1:15, relying on the worth of the greenback and the panel. We see 20%, or 1: 2. In the case of a curtailment, that is cheaper.
Energy conservation
Storing extra energy is cheaper than batteries, Castro stated. “The battery helps ship flat power however in our evaluation, on the present battery worth, it’s nonetheless not price optimizing. But there’s an acceleration within the fall in prices that might make the choice survive.”
Norwegian developer Statkraft will embody batteries within the BRL 926 million ($181 million) photo voltaic hybridization mission on the Ventos de Santa Eugênia and Morro do Cruzeiro wind websites in Bahia. With a complete era capability of 275 MW, building of the latter ought to start in June 2024 and finish in August 2025. Construction will start in Ventos de Santa Eugênia in July 2024 and finish in November 2025.
In November 2023, Auren Energia inaugurated the 48.1 MW Sol do Piauí photo voltaic plant subsequent to the 206 MW Ventos do Piauí wind farm, which has been working since 2021. The BRL 255 million hybridization mission, in Curral Novo, Piauí, is the primary state-approved physique is the Agência Nacional de Energia Elétrica (Aneel). In 2021, Aneel launched hybrid plant permits – with shared licenses – and related plant permits, which have completely different licenses however permit new installations to be paired with working property.
Brazil’s lithium power storage manufacturing chain
Battery cells, which aren’t presently made in Brazil, are the “lacking hyperlink” within the provide chain of the world’s fifth largest lithium producer. The nation assembles battery packs and programs and its carmakers have electrical car (EV) strains. The Fuel for the Future invoice, to decarbonize Brazil’s roads, also needs to increase the mineral sector. More than 1 million tons of Brazilian lithium – within the states of Minas Gerais, Pernambuco, Rio Grande do Norte, and Ceará – develop into the seventh largest reserve on this planet. EV demand is anticipated to extend the two,200 tons of lithium produced in Brazil every year. Sigma Lithium begins exporting to Chinese battery makers in 2023. Meanwhile, carmakers together with BYD, Volkswagen, and Marcopolo assemble heavy EVs in Brazil utilizing imported Chinese batteries . In February 2024, Brazil’s secretary for improvement, trade, commerce and companies, Uallace Moreira, stated that the inexperienced industrialization coverage ought to appeal to extra hyperlinks within the battery provide chain in Brazil. The federal authorities introduced, in January 2024, the New Industry program in Brazil, together with the push for the manufacturing of native lithium battery cells. “We clearly see that Brazil, even from a geopolitical and strategic viewpoint, will need to have a cell manufacturing unit,” stated Marcelo Rodrigues, vice-president of enterprise and innovation of stationary storage firm UCB Power. “To do that, we have to unlock the demand.” In the Manaus Free Trade Zone, in Amazonas, UCB produces lithium batteries by integrating storage system electronics with imported battery cells. The firm provides batteries for 42,000 programs below a federal authorities common power program for remoted communities within the Amazon area – price between 150 MWh and 200 MWh. You.On and WEG additionally assemble battery programs regionally. Together with Huawei and China’s TBEA, they’re monitoring the demand for as much as 2 GWh initiatives that search to take part in a capability reserve public sale ready by the federal authorities, marking the curiosity of the funding market in these battery power storage system (BESS).
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Zero grid
A flurry of purposes for small photo voltaic arrays was prompted by a deadline for a program during which mills obtain equal credit score for extra power injected into the grid. That regulation is utilized to programs as much as 5 MW in scale, though nearly all of such initiatives have as much as 75 kW of era capability. Many of the requests had been denied by the electrical energy distribution corporations, nonetheless, who claimed that altering the move of electrical energy in areas with many distributed era programs would explanation for overvoltage within the grid.
In April 2024, GreenYellow introduced a brand new technique for the distributed era section in Brazil, to adapt to the brand new circumstances. Until that time, the corporate relied on the distant self-consumption mannequin of constructing energy crops from the consumption space and used the electrical energy distribution community. GreenYellow has put in greater than 200 MW of such initiatives in Brazil.
The altering nature of the regulation has confirmed to be extra damaging to distant era websites than self-consumption arrays, in response to GreenYellow. The French firm believes that rooftop era for the business and industrial sector has nice potential with its zero-grid mannequin, which serves free and captive electrical energy customers available in the market and doesn’t embody the usage of the grid.
GreenYellow goals to shut 30 MW of rooftop capability in Brazil by the top of 2024, utilizing an tools rental mannequin. Through an settlement signed with the Brazilian installer Enerzee, GreenYellow will handle all the things from the entire funding to hold out initiatives that may handle the operation and upkeep of the arrays. Enerzee is answerable for the set up and provide of the tools. Both corporations will collaborate on consumer era.
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